The integration of sensitive electronic components into building electrical panels has become commonplace. These panels typically contain critical systems such as Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs), Distributed Control Systems (DCSs), Building Automation Systems (BASs), and Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) systems. While these advancements enhance operational efficiency, they also are particularly vulnerable to transient overvoltage events like lightning strikes, industrial equipment switching, and utility grid disturbances. Such surges can lead to equipment malfunction, reduced efficiency, or even catastrophic failure. To mitigate these risks, an effective protection solution involves Surge Protective Devices (SPDs). The advantages of implementing SPDs into building electrical panels are outlined in a recent application note from Bourns.

The Role of SPDs in Electrical Panels

SPDs are designed to protect electrical and electronic equipment from transient overvoltage events by diverting surge energy away from sensitive components. Incorporating SPDs into electrical panels offers several key benefits:

1. Protection of Sensitive Electronics: Voltage surges can degrade or destroy control panel components, leading to system failures. SPDs act as a barrier, preventing surges from reaching and damaging sensitive electronics.
2. Reduction of System Downtime: Unexpected power surges can halt operations, resulting in costly downtime. SPDs help ensure continuous system operation.
3. Compliance with Industry Standards: Standards such as UL 1449 and IEC 61643-11 mandate the use of SPDs in certain critical infrastructure and industrial applications to ensure system reliability.
4. Cost Savings: Repairing or replacing damaged equipment is typically more expensive than installing SPDs, making them a wise investment.

Selecting the Appropriate SPD

Choosing the right SPD involves assessing the specific needs of the electrical panel and the environment in which it operates. Factors to consider include the system’s voltage, its surge current rating and its Voltage Protection Rating (VPR). It is also important to evaluate the environmental conditions of the installation site such as temperature range and humidity.

Installation Best Practices

Care must be taken for proper installation in order to maximize the effectiveness of SPDs:

• Location: Install SPDs as close as possible to the point where surges may enter the system, such as at service entrances and distribution panels.
• Wiring: Use short and straight wiring connections to minimize inductance and improve SPD performance.
• Grounding: Ensure all grounding connections are secure and meet local electrical codes to facilitate effective surge diversion.
• Coordination: Coordinate SPDs with other protective devices, such as fuses and circuit breakers, making sure they operate effectively together.

Conclusion

Incorporating SPDs into building electrical panels is a proactive measure that helps to safeguard sensitive electronics, reduce system downtime, comply with industry standards, and save potential maintenance costs. For more helpful information in selecting the appropriate SPDs and tips on the best installation practices, engineers are invited to read the “Why Surge Protective Devices are Essential in Building Electrical Panel Designs” application note from Bourns.